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The discovery of the source of the Nile was a mysterious secret sought by many explorers and travelers from ancient times in the Pharaonic Sixth Dynasty. The two kings, Mr-An-Re and Pepe II, around 2200 BC, ordered four expeditions to search for the sources of the Nile. Attempts to discover the sources of the Nile continued until the Jesuit fathers Pedro Paez and Jeronimo Lobo discovered the source of the Nile in Ethiopia in 1618.
The god “Nun” was the lord of eternal life and the source of the Nile’s eruption, according to the Egyptians, while “Khnum” was the god responsible for the eruption of water from underground. He was called “the greatest potter” and the guardian of the sources of the Nile.
The myth of Isis and Osiris is one of the most important and famous ancient Egyptian pharaonic myths about love and loyalty. Osiris is the god of fertility, growth, agriculture and the building of temples in ancient Egypt.
Agriculture accounts for at least 80 percent of all water consumption in the Nile Basin countries.
تستحوذ الزراعة على ما يقرب من 80% على الأقل من كل استهلاك المياه في دول حوض النيل.
In Egypt, 96 million people are concentrated along the narrow Nile Valley and Delta, while 98% of them live on only 3% of the land, as the rest of the land is desert, and 97% of the population lives on the Nile water as their main source.
في مصر يتركز 96 مليون نسمة من السكان على طول وادي النيل الضيق والدلتا، بينما يعيش 98% منهم على 3% فقط من الأراضي، حيث أن باقي الأراضي صحراء، ويمد نهر النيل مصر بـ 97% من احتياجاتها المائية.
A fertility god associated with the inundation that caused the river to overflow its banks and deposit the rich earth, on which the farmers relied for their crops.
"الإله حابي"
إله الفيضان الذي يجلب البهجة والخير لكل انسان.
The waters of the Nile are an important resource for about 500 million people living on its banks. The ten Nile Basin countries are Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda.
The god Set (Seth) is the brother of Osiris, who killed him out of envy and threw his body, cut to pieces, into the Nile. Set is the god of desert, chaos, and evil in ancient Egypt.
In Egypt, 150 million tons of industrial waste are dumped into the Nile each year, according to a 2018 report by the Ministry of Environment.
في مصر، يلقى في النيل كل عام 150 مليون طن من المخلفات الصناعية، وفقا لتقرير وزارة البيئة عام 2018.
"بحلول العام 2050 سيعاني 45% من سكان دول حوض النيل من نقص في المياه" بحسب دراسة بكلية دارتموث.
ويواجه النيل تحديا آخر وهو ارتفاع منسوب مياه البحر المتوسط بسبب الاحتباس الحراري، ويهدد ذلك بدفق مياه البحر على دلتا النيل، أكثر المناطق الزراعية خصوبة في مصر.
The ancient Egyptians celebrate in July each year the festival of “the point” or “the night of tears” in memory of the tears shed by Isis in mourning the death of her husband, Osiris, at the hands of the evil god Set.
The bride of the Nile statue in the Nile museum in Aswan. It is believed to be one of the sacrifices ancient Egyptians presented each year to the Nile.
تمثال عروسة النيل في متحف النيل بأسوان، ويعتقد ان عروسة النيل واحد من القرابين التي كان يقدمها المصري القديم للنيل كل عام.
“I have not polluted the river’s water, I have not prevented the flood in its season, I have not dammed the running water, I have given bread to the hungry, I have given water to the thirsty.” ––From the “Book of the Dead”
"إنني لم الوث ماء النهر، لم أمنع الفيضان في موسمه، لم أقم سد للماء الجاري، أعطيت الخبز للجوعى، أعطيت الماء للعطشى". نص من "كتاب الموتى".
“There is talk that Egypt can use force, and here I want to confirm that there is no force that will prevent Ethiopia from building the Renaissance Dam. If someone hits a missile, we can use bombs, but war is not useful to any of us.” ––Prime Minister of Ethiopia Abi Ahmed, October 2019
“We are searching for the most important things and what is left that we can take to a temporary house until we save some money or get some support to rebuild our house and come back." ––Summaya, 55, from Aljamayer Village, Sudan after the devastating floods of 2020
"نحن نبحث عن أهم متعلقاتنا وما تبقى ونستطيع أن ناخده معنا الى بيتنا المؤقت حتي نستطيع توفير بعض النقود أو الدعم لإعادة بناء بيتنا من جديد والعودة" – سمية، 55 عام، من قرية الجماير - السودان بعد الفيضان.
